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Green transformation of pharmacy combined with ecology

The modern pharmaceutical industry is experiencing a profound paradigm shift. The world is moving away from the “efficiency at any cost” model and towards a concept where human health and the health of the planet are considered as a single system. This is the basis of the Green Pharmacy concept, which integrates environmental, technological and pharmacological principles into a single philosophy of sustainable development.

1. Green pharmacy as a response to global environmental challenges

Water pollution with pharmaceutical residues, accumulation of plastic, toxic solvents, depletion of plant resources – all this has forced the industry to rethink its responsibility. Green Pharmacy aims to create such medicines and dietary supplements that:

  • ефективні для організму,
  • environmentally friendly,
  • produced according to the principles of sustainable development at all stages – from raw materials to disposal.

This is an ecosystem approach, where each element must be compatible with nature, ensuring close interaction and coexistence of elements of different species in the ecosystem, which can benefit one, both, or be neutral for one of the partners.

2. Environmentally friendly production: green chemistry and biotechnology

The basis of green pharmacy is green chemistry, a direction that minimizes harmful processes and waste.

What is changing in production?

✔ Use of renewable resources

Plant and biological sources replace petrochemical feedstocks. This reduces toxicity, energy consumption and the life cycle of waste.

✔ Biocatalysis and enzymatic processes

Enzymes, microorganisms, microbial enzymes – instead of aggressive reagents. This allows:

  • reduce the production temperature,
  • minimize by-products,
  • avoid toxic effects on water and soil.

✔ Safe solvents

Pharmacy moves to:

  • aqueous extracts,
  • supercritical CO₂,
  • biosolvents,
  • enzymatic media.

This reduces the risk of organic solvent residues in the final products.

✔ Waste reduction

The principle of atomic efficiency assumes reactions in which all reactant atoms end up in the final product.

Real examples of transformation:

  • Novartis introduces water-soluble solvents → 40% reduction in toxic waste.
  • EU pharmaceutical plants are switching to energy-saving enzyme reactions.

3. Sustainable source of plant raw materials and bioactive compounds

Phytotherapy, dietary supplements and natural pharmaceuticals are critically dependent on plant raw materials. Hence the issue of ethics and environmental friendliness.

✔ Responsible collection

Medicinal plants should not be collected from the wild in quantities that threaten the species’ extinction. Sustainable farming methods are the only way to avoid depletion of biological resources.

✔ Source certification (Organic, Fair Trade, ECOCERT)

Such standards guarantee:

  • growing without toxic pesticides,
  • social responsibility,
  • transparency of plant origin.

✔ Natural compounds and their pharmacology

Natural phytonutrients (flavonoids, saponins, polysaccharides, terpenes) show:

  • antioxidant,
  • anti-inflammatory,
  • immunomodulatory effects.

But standardizing their concentrations is the key to effectiveness (as in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia).

4. Environmentally friendly packaging

Pharmaceutical packaging is one of the largest sources of plastic waste.

Green Pharmacy offers:

✔ Biodegradable materials, including PLA plastic, biopolymers, cardboard made from recycled cellulose.
✔ Soluble capsules based on natural polymers that decompose without a trace.
✔ Minimizing packaging to reduce weight and volume without losing protection.
✔ Circular economy. Packaging return systems, looking at the implemented examples of Switzerland, the Netherlands, and Scandinavia.

5. Energy efficiency and environmental logistics

Green approaches in logistics can reduce the carbon footprint of pharmacy:

  • optimization of transport routes,
  • transition to renewable energy in production,
  • localization of production sites closer to the market.

This not only reduces CO₂, but also makes long-term operations cheaper.

6. The Chinese model of combining pharmacology, naturopathy and ecology

TCM (Traditional Chinese Medicine) is one of the best examples of green pharmacy in practice.

What is China doing?

  • uses standardized plant extracts according to state pharmacopoeial standards;
  • combines herbal medicine with modern pharmacology;
  • uses safe aqueous extracts and enzymatic processes;
  • injections are only used in a hospital setting as a high-risk procedure;
  • creates technologies with minimal chemical load on the ecosystem.

This is an example of what the biocentric pharmacy of the future could look like, where plants, science, and ecology work as a single system.

7. Real cases of green pharmacy in the world

🌱 Case 1: PLA packaging Bayer (Germany)

Plastic waste has been reduced, packaging is compostable.

🌱 Case 2: Green Chemistry at Novartis

-40% toxic waste +25% energy efficiency

🌱 Case 3: Medicine collection systems in Europe

Expired drug return programs → less pollution of water bodies.

8. Challenges of green pharmacy

  • high cost of biopolymers and eco-technologies,
  • lack of global standardization,
  • balance between environmental friendliness and effectiveness of dosage forms.

However, the demand for ecological products is growing every year, and with it, investments in sustainable farming.

In such circumstances, “Green Pharmacy” is not a trend or marketing. It is a new evolution of the pharmaceutical industry, where technology serves nature, natural compounds are integrated into scientific systems, packaging becomes part of the circular economy, production minimizes toxic load, ecology and pharmacology no longer contradict each other. This is the path to a healthy person on a healthy planet. A true symbiosis.

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